In power systems, the difference between single-phase and three-phase power is not just theoretical. It directly affects how much load a system can carry, how stable the power supply is, and how efficiently electricity is transmitted. For most real-world applications—from buildings to industrial facilities and data centers—the choice between single-phase and three-phase power is ultimately a decision about capacity, [...]
Data center management is not simply about maintaining equipment or handling faults—it is a comprehensive system encompassing infrastructure, IT resources, energy efficiency, capacity, and operational processes. Its core objective is to ensure stable system operation, maximize power and cooling utilization, support dynamic workloads, and balance reliability with cost. In practice, data center management spans every element from UPS systems, [...]
In the data center industry, three-phase power is not an abstract electrical concept—it is a foundational architecture that directly determines system capacity, efficiency, and scalability. As server power density continues to rise, the limitations of single-phase power in terms of capacity, efficiency, and distribution complexity are becoming increasingly evident. Three-phase distribution is evolving from a “high-end option” into a [...]
Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) is one of the most frequently cited energy-efficiency metrics in the data center industry. From design proposals and tender documents to operational reports, PUE is often used as a quick indicator of whether a data center is “efficient.” However, in real-world operations and planning, PUE is often oversimplified into a single comparison number. What truly [...]
Why ROI Has Become the Core Question in Liquid Cooling Decisions In high-density computing environments, compute power itself represents a major capital investment. The rapidly increasing value of GPUs, accelerators, and server platforms means that how much effective computing power can be deployed per square meter or per rack now has a direct impact on the investment payback cycle. In [...]
In a data center, the Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) is a critical layer of power protection that directly impacts availability, scalability, and long-term operational stability. As IT loads grow and infrastructure becomes more consolidated, selecting the right data center UPS is no longer just about backup power—it involves capacity planning, redundancy design, battery strategy, and seamless integration with the [...]
UPS batteries are a core component of any uninterruptible power supply system. While the UPS itself manages power conditioning and switching, the battery is what actually provides energy when utility power fails. In data centers and other critical environments, battery performance directly affects uptime, reliability, and operational risk. What Is a UPS Battery? A UPS battery is an energy [...]
Over the past decade, air cooling has remained the dominant thermal management method in data centers. However, the rapid growth of AI training, high-performance computing (HPC), and accelerated workloads is pushing rack-level heat density beyond what traditional air systems can efficiently handle in certain deployments. As a result, liquid cooling is increasingly applied in high-density zones—such as AI clusters [...]
A server rack is a standardized metal framework used to mount servers, networking equipment, storage devices, and supporting hardware such as power distribution units (PDUs). Most server racks follow the 19-inch width standard, which ensures compatibility across equipment from different manufacturers. Rather than stacking devices randomly on shelves or floors, racks allow equipment to be securely mounted in vertical [...]
An Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) plays a critical role in protecting IT equipment from power disturbances. From brief voltage dips to full power outages, even a short interruption can cause data loss, hardware damage, or service downtime. The level of protection a UPS provides depends largely on its internal design. In general, UPS systems are classified into three main [...]